Which discharge is permitted more than 3 nautical miles from land?

• A. Plastics
• B. Incinerator Ash
• C. Food waste
• D. Metals

Answer: (C)

Discharges from ships are tightly regulated to protect the ocean, with some waste types allowed only far from shore. Food waste is biodegradable and, when properly processed (grinded or shredded to a small size), breaks down quickly in seawater. Because of this limited environmental impact, it is permitted to be discharged at sea beyond a certain distance from land—specifically more than 3 nautical miles. This is in contrast to plastics, which persist and are prohibited to dump anywhere at sea; metals, which are also restricted due to pollution and hazards; and incinerator ash, which requires compliance with specific regulations and is not routinely allowed just anywhere. So the option that fits the rule for being allowed beyond 3 nautical miles is food waste.